Author: Leo
Key words: nephropathy
Kidney puncture is a clear diagnosis of renal disease, to guide the treatment, to determine the prognosis of the most valuable means of inspection.
Renal biopsy
The clinical manifestations of various kidney disease is nothing more than edema, proteinuria, hematuria, etc., but can not be clear what kind of kidney disease, or systemic diseases involving the kidneys. The severity of kidney disease and proteinuria, hematuria and other manifestations of the severity is not parallel to the subjective symptoms of patients with kidney disease is often very unreliable. Therefore, through renal biopsy diagnosis of pathological examination in order to accurately determine the type of disease, nature and extent.
Second, through renal biopsy pathological examination, the disease may be the outcome of the outcome and the development of a more accurate prediction. The diagnosis of renal biopsy can provide an important basis for the clinical development of treatment programs and correction of treatment regimens. According to the different pathological types to decide, with clinical symptoms and physician experience will be a great error.
Therefore, renal biopsy is a clear diagnosis of renal disease, to guide the treatment, to determine the prognosis of the most valuable means of inspection.
What is the risk of kidney puncture?
Many people are worried that kidney puncture is harmful, so afraid or refused to do kidney puncture. In fact, this fear of renal puncture is not entirely unreasonable. However, because of fear of kidney puncture and refused to do this check on some extreme. Doctors are in the full control of the patient's condition, according to indications and contraindications to determine whether patients with renal biopsy.
Although the renal puncture surgery has a certain risk, but if you can strictly control the indications and methods of operation, the incidence of complications is low. Common complications are:
Hematuria: hematuria for renal biopsy the most common complications, puncture after about 80 ~ 90% microscopic hematuria, the incidence of gross hematuria due to puncture needle damage varies, accounting for about 5-50%. General hematuria in 1 to 5 days to disappear, without treatment, no effect on the patient's kidneys.
Low back pain: renal puncture, the majority of patients with ipsilateral low back pain or discomfort, about 3-5 days to disappear, a small number of patients can last a long time.
Infection: infection after puncture, mostly because of the aseptic concept, or the original kidney infection caused by the spread of bacteria after puncture. Thus in the renal puncture, it should be strictly disinfected, the correct grasp of the operation method, the rational use of anti-vaccine to prevent infection.
Hypotension: blood pressure continued low after puncture, mostly due to bleeding or nephrotic syndrome in patients with insufficient blood volume caused.
Oliguria or anuria: oliguria often have low blood pressure, corrected blood pressure after urine output increased, and some cases due to clot obstruction, visible renal colic, blood clots discharged, the symptoms can be lifted.
Tissue injury: the general renal puncture on the renal tissue injury slightly, but because of the puncture point positioning Diao; accurate, but also mistakenly penetrate the liver, spleen, gallbladder or bowel, and cause complications.
Renal hematoma: due to kidney blood supply rich, renal pressure and low, so easy to puncture blood bleeding, the formation of asymptomatic small hematoma, the incidence of about 0.5-1.5%, 3 months after the disappearance The
In the human body two kidneys, about 100 million nephrons, and kidney puncture only take 15 to 30 nephrons, is insignificant, and test blood is the same reason. In addition, the kidney has a good reserve capacity and repair capacity, puncture needle can quickly hemostasis repair.
Kidney biopsy used puncture equipment and puncture technology has been improved, and now all aspects have been quite mature. The most commonly used method is in the real-time under the guidance of color Doppler ultrasound automatic biopsy marksmanship, puncture the doctor can see the blood vessels on the screen area of the kidney, the button board machine can be completed, puncture quickly, safe and reliable, high success rate.
Which patients should not be used for renal puncture
Clinically, the following diseases can be classified as not suitable for renal puncture areas:
Chronic renal failure in patients with renal biopsy when the greater risk, easy bleeding, is now considered a contraindication to puncture.
Contralateral renal dysfunction, in order to prevent complications, renal function loss leading to renal failure, should avoid contralateral renal puncture.
Isolated kidney and renal aneurysm, in order to prevent bleeding, not for renal biopsy.
Renal tumors, renal cysts, hydronephrosis, renal abscess, renal infectious lesions, in order to prevent tumor spread, inflammation, so there is no need for puncture.
Malignant hypertension, anemia, patients with significant bleeding tendency, mental disorders and systemic failure, should not be kidney puncture.
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