Author: Leo
Key words: glomerulonephritis
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| From google images |
Glomerulonephritis in patients with the rehabilitation of the disease is essential, once the patient diagnosed with glomerulonephritis, to pay special attention to diet health care. Kidney disease in addition to follow the non-smoking, but excessive drinking, adhere to exercise, but also under the guidance of a doctor to take a low protein diet, in addition, patients with chronic glomerulonephritis need to follow the following diet principles:
Limit sodium and moisture
Early onset, edema as the main symptoms, the kidneys can not normally drain sodium water. Restricted drinking water and avoid salt, is a good way to eliminate edema. Should be based on the condition, urine and edema, given low salt, no salt or less sodium diet. Less sodium diet in addition to no salt or soy sauce, but also to avoid the use of high sodium foods. Edema and hypertensive patients, should limit the salt, or give a salt-free diet, while regular check the serum potassium, sodium levels, due to chronic glomerulonephritis or long-term sodium can cause sodium deficiency in the body.
Control potassium intake
Oliguria or anuria should be strictly controlled potassium supply, moisture limit of 500ml / d the following, to avoid eating high potassium foods, such as beans, fresh mushrooms, red dates, mushrooms, shellfish, vegetables and fruits.
Carbohydrates and fats
Most of the dietary heat is supplied by carbohydrates, supplemented with enough carbohydrates, to prevent heat from being insufficient, and to make food supplies small amounts of protein entirely for tissue repair and growth. Do not strictly limit the total amount of fat, but less to the animal fat and oil and fried food. Acute nephritis often accompanied by high blood pressure, should not eat animal fat, to prevent elevated blood lipids; should increase the dessert, high carbohydrate vegetables, diet to light is better.
Supply enough vitamin
Use fresh green leafy vegetables and fruits. Fresh vegetables can enhance the patient's appetite, unless it is limited to potassium in the oliguria period, the need to limit the vegetables; otherwise should give more fresh vegetables. Recovery period can be more for yam, red dates, longan, lotus seeds, Tremella and other nourishing food. Vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin C, folic acid, vitamin B1, iron, etc., are conducive to the recovery of renal function and prevention of anemia, food should be sufficient to add.
Low protein
The amount of supply depends on the condition, the symptoms are controlled at 20 ~ 40g / d, to reduce the burden on the kidneys; low protein diet should not be too long to prevent the occurrence of anemia. Once the blood urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance close to normal, with or without proteinuria, protein supply should be gradually increased to 0.8g / kg per day, in order to facilitate renal function repair. Selection of essential amino acids and more essential amino acids, such as eggs, milk, lean meat and fish, etc .; should not choose beans and their products. According to the degree of renal damage to determine the protein intake, long course, if the renal function is not serious damage, food protein does not have to be strictly limited, not more than 1g / kg per day, of which more than 50% of high-quality protein. When there is azotemia, the protein is limited by the condition.
More supply of alkaline food
Acute glomerulonephritis when the urine acid, food pH can adjust the urine pH. Supply of alkaline food, so that the urine near the neutral, is conducive to treatment. Oliguria should limit the potassium and more fruits and vegetables to prevent the occurrence of hyperkalemia. Acidic foods are metabolized in the body after the formation of acidic substances, food, beans and protein-rich meat-based food, and alkaline food with vegetables, fruits and milk and other food composition.
Heat
Treatment to rest, drug and diet nutrition treatment combined, severe bed rest, so the heat consumption is reduced, less activity to reduce appetite, the daily supply of heat do not have too high, according to 0.10 ~ 0.13MJ (25 ~ 30kcal) / kg, the whole Day to 6.69 ~ 8.37MJ (1600 ~ 2000kcal) is appropriate.
Restrict irritant food
Restricted spices and irritating food, such as fennel, pepper and other food metabolites containing purine, discharged from the kidney, can increase the burden on the kidney, it should not eat; animal liver, kidney and other visceral nuclear protein, its metabolites containing purine And uric acid are also more should also eat less.
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